You refill when the liquid is mostly gone, you should have received a little bag with a wrench and some refill solution , be carful not to strip the little nut as you take it out.
As far as I know the junction completes the circuit and is what what becomes clogged with milk fats or solids and needs cleaning once in a a while .
I read from linuxboy that contact cleaner solutions that eat proteins work or you can just order the correct stuff for cleaning the probe .