Erin...
It's been a long time since I've made cottage cheese but honestly I don't think you would need to leave it any longer than the recipe calls for.
Room temperature is a relative thing but when you are leaving milk to ripen for such an extreme amount of time, something is going to happen.
I don't know the exact temps when I made my first (and last) cottage cheese, but I'd guess somewhere in the 66- 70 degree range. Everything turned out perfectly by following the recipe.
My kids have been asking me to make another for the last year or so, but there seems to always be another cheese that catches my attention. So many cheeses, so little time. :-)
Back to room temperature being a relative thing, I love Heineken which is supposed to be served at room temperature. I've always said that as long as the room is around 38 degrees F. I can go along with that.
Dave